Sprained ankles are one of the most frequent injuries I treat. But not all sprains are created equal.
An ankle sprain is an injury to one or more of the ligaments—the band of tissues connecting the bones and joints—in the ankle. But the severity of the sprain depends on whether the ligament is stretched, partially torn or completely torn. It also depends on the location —whether it is a high- or a low-ankle sprain—and if more than one ligament is involved.
Sprains usually occur when you twist, roll or turn your ankle in an awkward way. You may hear a popping sound, and the ankle may swell, bruise or feel sore or stiff. Walking can prove difficult, and the ankle may feel unstable or “give out.”
Low-ankle, or lateral, sprains are the most common type of ankle sprain. They impact the ligaments supporting the joint that allows your foot to rotate left and right. Minor lateral sprains can be treated with the PRICE protocol: protect the injured area, rest, ice the injury, compress it with an elastic bandage, and elevate it. For more serious lateral sprains, casting, a walking boot and physical therapy are most often prescribed.
High-ankle sprains are less common and generally more serious. They most often affect athletes in collision sports, like NFL players Saquon Barkley and Patrick Mahomes. Bruising, swelling and pain above the ankle can make it difficult to walk. If the ankle is “stable” it can be treated with casting, a walking boot and therapy. But if the ankle is “unstable,” surgery is needed to restore proper function.
If you suspect a sprained ankle, seek medical attention. It’s important to rule out other conditions, such as a broken ankle. It’s also important not to delay rehabilitation. An untreated ankle sprain may lead to chronic discomfort and ankle instability, where the ankle gives way and surgery is required.
For more information on foot and ankle injuries or to schedule an exam, contact Wentz Foot & Ankle Specialists at 719-539-6600.
Dr. Ralph Wentz is a board-certified foot and ankle surgeon in Salida and a fellow of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons.