A painful big toe can be very distressing since we use our big toe whenever we walk, bend, climb or even stand.
Big toe arthritis, a form of osteoarthritis or “wear and tear” arthritis, is one of the most common reasons I see patients experiencing pain and stiffness in their big toe. It affects about 1 in 40 people over age 50 and can be debilitating as it progresses.
In addition to pain and stiffness during use, patients may notice swelling and inflammation around the toe’s joint, which can be aggravated by cold, damp weather. Activities like running and bending can prove difficult.
As the disease progresses, the toe can hurt even when you’re off your feet. Wearing shoes can be very uncomfortable due to bone spurs that develop. In severe cases, it can change the way you walk, and the pain may spread to your hips, knees or lower back. The toe’s joint may become so stiff it is known as a “frozen joint.”
Big toe arthritis can run in families due to inheriting a foot type, such as fallen arches, that may be more likely to develop the condition. It can also be related to an injury or overuse of the big toe, especially in workers who stoop or squat in their jobs. Patients with other inflammatory diseases, such as gout, are also more susceptible to the condition.
Big toe arthritis is easier to treat the sooner it is diagnosed. In its earlier stages, patients may be able to manage the symptoms by wearing shoes with a larger toe box or a custom orthotic insert. An oral NSAID, such as ibuprofen, or a cortisone injection may be recommended to reduce the inflammation and pain. Physical therapy may also provide relief.
In more severe cases, surgery may be the best treatment option depending on the patient’s age, activity level and the extent of the deformity.
For more information on foot and ankle injuries or to schedule an exam, contact Wentz Foot & Ankle Specialists at 719-539-6600.
Dr. Ralph Wentz is a board-certified foot and ankle surgeon in Salida and a fellow of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons.